Hock J, Schwall L, Pujol C, Hager A, Oberhoffer R, Ewert P, Tutarel O.J Clin Med. 2020 May 19;9(5):E1533. doi: 10.3390/jcm9051533.PMID: 32438748 Free article.
Abstract
Background: The population of adults with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) or pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA/VSD) is growing and aging. Data regarding older patients are scarce. Prognostic outcome parameters in adults with TOF or PA/VSD ≥ 40 years were studied.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients ≥ 40 years of age during the study period (January 2005-March 2018). Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were a combined primary endpoint including death from any cause, prevented sudden cardiac death, pacemaker implantation, arrhythmia, and new-onset heart failure. Additionally, MACE II (secondary endpoint) was a combination of death from any cause and prevented sudden cardiac death.
Results: 184 (58.7% female, mean age 45.3 ± 7.2 years) patients were included (159 (86.4%) TOF and 25 (13.6%) PA/VSD). During a median follow-up of 3.1 years (IQR: 0.6-6.5), MACE occurred in 35 and MACE II in 13 patients. On multivariable analysis, New York Heart Association class [HR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2-3.6, p = 0.009] emerged as an independent predictor for MACE, and age at corrective surgery [HR: 13.2, 95% CI: 1.6-107.1, p = 0.016] for MACE II.
Conclusions: Adults with TOF or PA/VSD ≥ 40 years are burdened with significant morbidity and mortality. New York Heart Association class and age at corrective surgery were independent predictors of outcome.
Figure 1 Kaplan–Meier curve for NYHA classes in MACE.
